Nodes: A Proxmox cluster consists of multiple nodes, which are physical servers running Proxmox VE.
Networking: Nodes in a Proxmox cluster should be connected to a common network. A private network for internal communication and a public network for client access are typically configured.
Shared Storage: Shared storage is crucial for a Proxmox cluster to enable features like live migration and high availability. This can be achieved through technologies like NFS, iSCSI, or Ceph.
High Availability (HA):
Proxmox VE includes a feature called HA, which ensures that critical VMs are automatically restarted on another node in the event of a node failure.
HA relies on fencing mechanisms to isolate a failed node from the cluster and prevent split-brain scenarios. This can be achieved through power fencing (e.g., IPMI, iLO, iDRAC) or network fencing (e.g., switch port blocking).
When a node fails, the HA manager on the remaining nodes detects the failure and initiates the restart of the affected VMs on healthy nodes.
Corosync and Pacemaker:
Proxmox VE uses Corosync as the messaging layer and Pacemaker as the cluster resource manager. These components ensure that cluster nodes can communicate effectively and coordinate resource management.
Corosync provides a reliable communication channel between nodes, while Pacemaker manages the resources (VMs, containers, services) in the cluster and ensures they are highly available.
Resource Management:
Proxmox clusters allow for dynamic resource allocation, allowing VMs and containers to use resources based on demand.
Memory and CPU resources can be allocated and adjusted for each VM or container, and live migration allows these resources to be moved between nodes without downtime.
Backup and Restore:
Proxmox includes backup and restore functionality, allowing administrators to create scheduled backups of VMs and containers.
Backups can be stored locally or on remote storage, providing flexibility in backup storage options.
Monitoring and Logging:
Proxmox provides monitoring and logging capabilities to help administrators track the performance and health of the cluster.
The web interface includes dashboards and graphs for monitoring resource usage, as well as logs for tracking cluster events.
Updates and Maintenance:
Proxmox clusters can be updated and maintained using the web interface or command-line tools. Updates can be applied to individual nodes or the entire cluster.
Certainly, attaching a QNAP iSCSI disk to a Windows system involves several steps. Below is a general guide, but please note that specific steps may vary depending on the QNAP NAS model and the version of QTS firmware. Always refer to the documentation provided by QNAP for your specific model.
1. Configure iSCSI on QNAP NAS:
Log in to the QNAP NAS web interface.
Go to “Control Panel” > “Storage & Snapshots” > “iSCSI Storage.”
Create an iSCSI target and specify the settings, such as the target name and access permissions.
Create an iSCSI LUN (Logical Unit Number) within the target, specifying its size and other relevant parameters.
Note the iSCSI Target IQN (iSCSI Qualified Name) and the IP address of your QNAP NAS.
2. Connect Windows to the iSCSI Target:
On your Windows machine, open the iSCSI Initiator.
You can open it by searching for “iSCSI Initiator” in the Start menu.
In the iSCSI Initiator Properties window, go to the “Targets” tab.
Enter the IP address of your QNAP NAS in the “Target” field and click “Quick Connect.”
In the Quick Connect window, select the iSCSI target from the list and click “Connect.”
In the Connect to Target window, check the box next to “Enable multi-path” if your QNAP NAS supports it.
Click “Advanced Settings” to configure CHAP (Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol) settings if you have set up authentication on your QNAP NAS.
Click “OK” to connect to the iSCSI target.
3. Initialize and Format the iSCSI Disk:
Once connected, open the Disk Management tool on your Windows machine.
You can open it by searching for “Create and format hard disk partitions” in the Start menu.
You should see the new iSCSI disk as an uninitialized disk.
Right-click on the uninitialized disk and choose “Initialize Disk.”
Right-click on the newly initialized disk and select “New Simple Volume.”
Follow the wizard to create a new partition, assign a drive letter, and format the disk with your preferred file system.
4. Access the iSCSI Disk:
After formatting, the iSCSI disk should be accessible through the assigned drive letter.
You can now use the iSCSI disk for storage purposes, and it will behave like any other locally attached storage device.
Remember to follow best practices for iSCSI security, such as enabling CHAP authentication and restricting access to specific IP addresses, especially if your QNAP NAS is accessible over the internet. Always refer to the specific documentation for your QNAP NAS model for accurate and up-to-date instructions.