Blog

Welcome to my channel , in this  video i will configure site to site vpn on Cisco ASA . i will show you the steps to set up a secure and reliable VPN connection between two Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASAs).

Before we dive into the technical aspects, let’s take a moment to understand the importance of site-to-site VPNs in today’s interconnected world. As businesses expand globally, secure communication between different locations becomes paramount. Whether you’re connecting remote offices, data centers, or branch networks, a site-to-site VPN offers a robust solution to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Assumptions:

• You have physical or remote access to the Cisco ASA device.
• You have administrative access to the ASA via SSH, console cable, or ASDM (Adaptive Security Device Manager).

Step 1: Basic ASA Configuration

1. Connect to the ASA using SSH or the console cable.
2. Log in with your administrator credentials.

hostname ASA_NAME enable password YOUR_ENABLE_PASSWORD passwd YOUR_CONSOLE_PASSWORD interface GigabitEthernet0/0 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address YOUR_OUTSIDE_IP 255.255.255.0 no shutdown exit interface GigabitEthernet0/1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address YOUR_INSIDE_IP 255.255.255.0 no shutdown exit route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 YOUR_GATEWAY_IP 1

3. Replace ASA_NAME, YOUR_ENABLE_PASSWORD, YOUR_CONSOLE_PASSWORD, YOUR_OUTSIDE_IP, YOUR_INSIDE_IP, and YOUR_GATEWAY_IP with your specific values.

Step 2: Define ISAKMP Policy

1. Configure the ISAKMP (Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol) policy to specify the encryption and authentication parameters for the VPN.

crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400

Step 3: Create a Pre-shared Key

1. Define a pre-shared key that will be used to authenticate the remote VPN peer.

crypto isakmp key YOUR_PRESHARED_KEY address REMOTE_PEER_IP

Replace YOUR_PRESHARED_KEY with your chosen pre-shared key and REMOTE_PEER_IP with the IP address of the remote VPN peer.

Step 4: Create a Crypto Map

1. Create a crypto map that defines the remote peer’s IP, transform sets, and access control list (ACL) for traffic to be encrypted.

crypto map MY_CRYPTO_MAP 10 match address VPN_ACL crypto map MY_CRYPTO_MAP 10 set peer REMOTE_PEER_IP crypto map MY_CRYPTO_MAP 10 set transform-set MY_TRANSFORM_SET

Replace MY_CRYPTO_MAP, VPN_ACL, REMOTE_PEER_IP, and MY_TRANSFORM_SET with your desired values.

Step 5: Create an Access Control List (ACL)

1. Define an access control list (ACL) that identifies which traffic should be encrypted and sent over the VPN.

access-list VPN_ACL extended permit ip LOCAL_NETWORK SUBNET_MASK any

Replace LOCAL_NETWORK and SUBNET_MASK with your local network’s details.

Step 6: Apply Crypto Map to an Interface

1. Apply the crypto map to the ASA’s outside interface.

crypto map MY_CRYPTO_MAP interface outside

Step 7: Save the Configuration

1. Save the configuration changes.

write memory

Step 8: Verify the VPN

1. Check the VPN status using the following command:

show crypto isakmp sa show crypto ipsec sa

These commands will display information about the IKE and IPsec tunnels.

That’s it! You’ve configured a Site-to-Site VPN on a Cisco ASA. Remember to adjust the configuration to match your specific network topology and security requirements. Additionally, ensure that the remote peer’s configuration matches the parameters you’ve configured here for successful VPN establishment.

Hello every one , in this video I am going to reset lost password of my fortigate firewall. there is some important things you have to know before resetting your password. First one you can not reset your password remotely , this means you can reset your password just by using console cable and connect your laptop or pc to the firewall. Second one if you want to reset you fortigate password you have to restart your firewall because to reset password we have to use maintainer account and this account is active just for 20 second after system boot up,

1. Identify the Appropriate FortiGate Model:

• The first step is to identify the specific model of your FortiGate device. This information is typically found on a label or sticker on the device itself or in your network documentation. Knowing the model is important because the procedure may vary slightly between models.

2. Gather the Necessary Tools and Information:

• Before you begin the password reset process, gather the following items:
  • Physical access to the FortiGate device.
  • A console cable: This is usually an RJ45 to serial cable that connects to the FortiGate’s console port.
  • A computer with terminal emulation software: You’ll need a computer with terminal emulation software installed, such as PuTTY (Windows) or Terminal (macOS/Linux).

3. Connect to the FortiGate Device:

• Physically connect one end of the console cable to the FortiGate’s console port and the other end to your computer’s serial port or a USB-to-serial adapter.
• Open your terminal emulation software and configure it to use the appropriate COM port (for Windows) or /dev/ttySx (for Linux) at the correct baud rate (usually 9600 baud).

4. Reboot the FortiGate Device:

• Physically power cycle the FortiGate device. You can do this by unplugging the power cable and then plugging it back in or using the power button, depending on your FortiGate model.

5. Interrupt the Boot Sequence:

• During the boot process, you’ll see the FortiGate logo and boot messages appearing in your terminal window. Quickly press “Ctrl + Break” or “Ctrl + C” to interrupt the boot sequence. This action will take you to the FortiGate bootloader menu.

6. Access the Bootloader:

• Once you’re in the bootloader menu, you can enter configuration mode. To do this, type “conf” and press Enter. This command puts you in configuration mode within the bootloader environment.

7. Reset the Password:

• Within the configuration mode, you can reset the password for an admin account. The commands may vary depending on your FortiGate model and firmware version, but here is a general example:arduinoCopy codeconfig system admin edit <admin-username> set password <new-password> next end Replace <admin-username> with the actual admin username and <new-password> with the desired new password.

8. Reboot the FortiGate Device:

• After successfully setting the new password, exit the configuration mode by typing “end” and press Enter. Then, reboot the FortiGate device by typing “reboot” and pressing Enter.

9. Test the New Password:

• Once the FortiGate device has rebooted, use the new password to log in to the FortiGate’s web interface or command-line interface (CLI). Ensure that the password change has taken effect.

Hello every one , in this video I will upgrade fortigate firewall firmware , as you know upgrading firmware is very important because in older versions of forties , it has different security and performance bugs, also to download firmware, you need to have an account of Fortinet.com

1. Preparation:
   • Identify the target firmware version you want to upgrade to. Check Fortinet’s official website for the latest firmware releases and release notes.
2. Download Firmware:
   • Access the Fortinet Support Portal and download the firmware image file for your FortiGate model and the desired firmware version. Save it to your local machine.
3. Backup Configuration:
   • Log in to the FortiGate web-based interface (GUI).
   • Navigate to System > Dashboard > Status and click on “Backup” to create a backup of your current configuration. Store this backup in a safe location.
4. Check Hardware Requirements:
   • Verify that your FortiGate model has the necessary hardware resources to support the new firmware version. Refer to the release notes for hardware requirements.
5. Upload Firmware:
   • In the FortiGate GUI, go to System > Firmware > Image and click on “Upload Images.”
   • Select the firmware image file you downloaded earlier and upload it to the FortiGate.
6. Install Firmware:
   • After the firmware image is uploaded, select it and click on “Upgrade.” Follow the on-screen instructions to start the upgrade process. This process may take several minutes, and your FortiGate will automatically reboot when it’s completed.
7. Verify Upgrade:
   • Once the FortiGate reboots, log back into the GUI and verify that the new firmware version is running. Go to System > Dashboard > Status to check the firmware version.
8. Test Functionality:
   • Test critical network functions, such as firewall rules, VPN connections, and any other services you rely on, to ensure they are working as expected.
9. Review Release Notes:
   • Review the release notes for the new firmware version to understand any changes, bug fixes, or new features introduced.
10. Monitor and Troubleshoot:
    • Keep an eye on your network for any unexpected issues that may have been introduced by the upgrade. Be prepared to troubleshoot and rollback if necessary.
11. Rollback (if needed):
    • In case the upgrade causes critical issues that cannot be resolved immediately, you may need to roll back to the previous firmware version using the backup you created earlier. This should be done carefully to avoid further disruptions.
12. Post-Upgrade Tasks:
    • Update documentation and notify relevant team members or stakeholders about the successful upgrade.
    • Consider making any necessary adjustments or optimizations to the firewall settings based on the new firmware’s capabilities.

Traffic shaping is a method of optimizing network traffic by prioritizing different types of traffic according to their importance. FortiGate firewall offers a traffic shaping feature that can be used to prioritize traffic, limit bandwidth usage, and control network congestion. In this blog post, we’ll discuss how to configure traffic shaping on FortiGate firewall.

1. Log in to the FortiGate Web Interface:

• Open a web browser and enter the IP address of your FortiGate firewall.
• Log in with the appropriate credentials.

2. Define Traffic Shaping Policy:

• Navigate to the “Policy & Objects” tab.
• Click on “Traffic Shaper” to access the Traffic Shaping policies.

3. Create a New Traffic Shaping Policy:

• Click the “+ Create New” button to create a new policy.
• Give your policy a name and optionally add a comment for reference.

4. Set Traffic Shaping Parameters:

• In the “Guaranteed Bandwidth” section, specify the minimum guaranteed bandwidth (in Kbps or Mbps) for the traffic you want to shape. This is the minimum speed that will be allocated to the traffic matching this policy.
• In the “Maximum Bandwidth” section, set the maximum bandwidth (in Kbps or Mbps) that the traffic can use.
• You can also configure a burst rate and burst time if needed. Burst rate allows traffic to exceed the defined limits for a short period if there’s available bandwidth.

5. Define Traffic Matching Criteria:

• In the “Matching Criteria” section, specify the criteria for matching traffic to this policy. You can configure this based on source and destination IP addresses, ports, services, etc.
• Click the “+” icon to add multiple conditions if necessary.

6. Enable the Policy:

• In the “Actions” section, set the action to “Apply Shaper” to enable traffic shaping for the matched traffic.
• Click “OK” to save the policy.

7. Apply Traffic Shaping Policy to Firewall Policy:

• After creating the traffic shaping policy, you need to apply it to a firewall policy.
• Go to the “Policy & Objects” tab and click on “Firewall Policy.”
• Edit an existing policy or create a new one, and in the “Traffic Shaping” section, select the traffic shaping policy you created earlier from the dropdown menu.

8. Monitor Traffic Shaping:

• You can monitor the traffic shaping policies in action by going to the “Monitor” tab and selecting “Traffic Shaping Monitor.” Here, you can see statistics and real-time information on the traffic matching your policies.

9. Test and Fine-Tune:

• After configuring traffic shaping, it’s essential to monitor network performance and adjust policies as needed to ensure your network operates efficiently and as intended.

10. Save and Apply Changes:

• Don’t forget to save your changes and apply the configuration for it to take effect.

Remember that traffic shaping should be used judiciously, as improper configuration can negatively impact network performance. It’s essential to understand your network’s traffic patterns and prioritize traffic accordingly to achieve your desired outcomes with traffic shaping on a FortiGate firewall.

A captive portal is a web page that is presented to users when they attempt to connect to a network. Captive portals are commonly used in public Wi-Fi hotspots, hotels, and other places where the network owner wants to control the access to the network. FortiGate firewall offers a captive portal feature that can be used to authenticate users and control network access. In this blog post, we’ll discuss how to configure captive portal on FortiGate firewall.

1. Log in to the FortiGate Web Interface:

• Open a web browser and enter the IP address of your FortiGate device.
• Log in using your administrative credentials.

2. Configure Network Interfaces:

• Ensure that you have configured your network interfaces correctly. You should have at least two interfaces: one for the unauthenticated guest network and another for the trusted network.

3. Create a User Group:

• Before setting up the captive portal, create a user group that will contain the users allowed to access the network through the captive portal.
  • Go to “User & Device” > “User Groups” and click “Create New.”
  • Define the group’s name and add users to it if needed.

4. Create a Security Policy:

• You need to create a security policy to control traffic between the unauthenticated network and the trusted network.
  • Go to “Policy & Objects” > “IPv4 Policy” and click “Create New.”
  • Configure the source interface, source address (unauthenticated network), destination interface, and destination address (trusted network).
  • Set the “Action” to “Captive Portal.”

5. Configure Captive Portal:

• Now, you need to set up the captive portal itself.
  • Go to “Security Fabric” > “Captive Portal” and click “Create New.”
  • Enter a name for the captive portal.

6. Configure Authentication Settings:

• Under the “Authentication” tab:
  • Select the user group you created earlier.
  • Choose the authentication method (usually, you’d use “Local Database” for basic username and password authentication).
  • Set the authentication timeout.
  • Customize the authentication message if desired.

7. Configure Authentication Portal Settings:

• Under the “Authentication Portal” tab:
  • Define the portal message and login message.
  • Customize the look and feel of the portal page, including logos and background images.

8. Configure Redirect Settings:

• Under the “Redirect” tab:
  • Specify the redirection type. Typically, you’d use “External Web Page” to direct users to a terms and conditions page or login page hosted externally.

9. Create a Firewall Policy for Redirect:

• Create a firewall policy to redirect traffic to the captive portal.
  • Go to “Policy & Objects” > “IPv4 Policy” and click “Create New.”
  • Set the source and destination interfaces and addresses.
  • Set the action to “SSL-VPN” and choose the captive portal you created earlier as the SSL-VPN portal.

10. Configure DNS and Web Filtering: – You may want to configure DNS and web filtering policies to control access for authenticated users.

11. Test the Captive Portal: – To test the captive portal, connect a device to the unauthenticated network and attempt to access the internet. You should be redirected to the captive portal login page.

12. Monitor and Troubleshoot: – Continuously monitor the captive portal for user activity and any issues that may arise. Check logs and statistics for troubleshooting.

Remember that this is a high-level overview of the FortiGate captive portal configuration process. Depending on your specific requirements and network setup, there may be additional configuration options and steps needed to meet your needs. Always refer to the FortiGate documentation and consult with Fortinet support if you encounter any difficulties or require advanced features.

FortiGate IPsec VPN Site to Site provides a secure and reliable connection between two networks located in different locations. This is a crucial feature for businesses with remote offices and a requirement for remote workers. In this blog post, we’ll discuss how to configure FortiGate IPsec VPN Site to Site and provide training on its usage.

Prerequisites:

• Two FortiGate devices (FortiGate A and FortiGate B) with administrative access.
• A dedicated public IP address for each FortiGate device.
• Proper network routing configured on both FortiGate devices.

Step 1: Log in to the FortiGate Web Interface

1. Open a web browser and enter the IP address of FortiGate A in the address bar.
2. Log in with administrative credentials.

Step 2: Create Phase 1 Configuration on FortiGate A: Phase 1 sets up the initial connection between the two VPN peers.

1. Go to “VPN” > “IPsec Wizard” on FortiGate A.
2. Select “Custom” for the VPN Template.
3. Configure the following Phase 1 settings:
   • Name: Give the VPN connection a name.
   • Remote Gateway: Enter the public IP address of FortiGate B.
   • Authentication Method: Pre-shared Key (PSK).
   • Pre-shared Key: Enter a strong, secret key.
   • Local Interface: Select the local interface connected to the internet.
   • Mode: Main Mode.
   • IKE Version: IKEv2 or IKEv1, depending on your requirements.
   • Phase 1 Proposal: Define encryption and authentication algorithms.
4. Click “Next” to save the Phase 1 settings.

Step 3: Create Phase 2 Configuration on FortiGate A: Phase 2 defines the parameters for the actual data encryption.

1. After saving Phase 1 settings, click “Next” to configure Phase 2.
2. Configure the following Phase 2 settings:
   • Phase 2 Name: Give it a name.
   • Local Subnet: Enter the local network subnet behind FortiGate A.
   • Remote Subnet: Enter the remote network subnet behind FortiGate B.
   • P2 Proposal: Define encryption and authentication algorithms.
3. Click “Next” to save the Phase 2 settings.

Step 4: Create Phase 1 and Phase 2 Configuration on FortiGate B: Repeat Steps 2 and 3 on FortiGate B with the corresponding settings, but make sure to reverse the “Remote Gateway” and the “Local Subnet” and “Remote Subnet” settings.

Step 5: Establish the Connection:

1. After configuring both FortiGate devices, return to FortiGate A.
2. Go to “VPN” > “IPsec Tunnels” and click the “Create New” button.
3. Select the Phase 1 and Phase 2 configurations you created for FortiGate B.
4. Click “OK” to create the VPN tunnel.
5. Repeat the same steps on FortiGate B, using the Phase 1 and Phase 2 configurations for FortiGate A.

Step 6: Monitor and Troubleshoot:

1. You can monitor the VPN connection status under “VPN” > “Monitor” > “IPsec Monitor.”
2. If there are any issues, check the logs and firewall policies for any blocking rules.

That’s it! You should now have a functioning FortiGate IPsec VPN site-to-site connection between the two locations. Ensure that your firewall policies allow traffic to flow over the VPN tunnel, and test the connectivity between the remote networks.

In today’s digital era, remote access is becoming a fundamental requirement for businesses to ensure continuous productivity. But with remote access comes the risk of cyber threats, making VPN security a top priority.

“Welcome to my channel! In this video, I will describe how to configure firewall policies with multiple source and destination interfaces in FortiGate. We’ll be looking at how to allow traffic between multiple interfaces on your FortiGate firewall, which is particularly useful when you have different subnets that you want to control traffic between or when you have multiple VLANs that need to communicate with each other. By the end of this video, you’ll have a better understanding of how to configure these policies in FortiGate and how they can help secure your network.

1. Network Interfaces:
   • In a FortiGate device, you typically have multiple network interfaces, each connected to a different network segment or zone. These interfaces can be physical (Ethernet ports) or virtual (VLANs, subinterfaces, loopback interfaces, etc.).
2. Traffic Flow:
   • Traffic flows between these interfaces as data packets are transmitted through the FortiGate device. Each interface represents a different security zone, and traffic between these zones must be controlled and inspected for security purposes.
3. Security Policies:
   • FortiGate uses security policies to determine how traffic is treated as it passes between these interfaces. Security policies are rules that define the permitted actions for specific types of traffic. They include criteria like source and destination IP addresses, ports, protocols, and more.
4. Multiple Interface Policy:
   • The “Multiple Interface Policy” feature in FortiGate allows you to create a single security policy that applies to traffic flowing between multiple interfaces or zones. This is especially useful when you want to define a consistent policy for a specific category of traffic across multiple interfaces.
5. Use Cases:
   • There are several use cases for Multiple Interface Policies:
     • DMZ Configuration: If you have a DMZ zone with multiple servers that need different levels of access, you can create a single policy to control traffic from different internal zones to the DMZ.
     • Guest Network Isolation: You can use this feature to control traffic from the guest network to multiple internal networks with a single policy.
     • VPN Traffic: When you have multiple VPN tunnels terminating on different interfaces, you can create a policy that applies to traffic from all those tunnels.
6. Policy Configuration:
   • When configuring a Multiple Interface Policy, you define the policy’s source and destination interfaces (security zones), specify the criteria for matching traffic (source/destination addresses, services, users, etc.), and define the action to take (allow, deny, NAT, etc.).
7. Policy Order:
   • Policy order is important. FortiGate processes policies from top to bottom, and the first matching policy is applied. So, you should order your Multiple Interface Policies appropriately to ensure that more specific policies are evaluated before broader ones.
8. Logging and Monitoring:
   • FortiGate provides extensive logging and monitoring capabilities, allowing you to track traffic as it traverses the different interfaces and the policies applied to it.
9. Traffic Inspection:
   • Depending on your policy settings, FortiGate can perform various security functions like antivirus scanning, intrusion detection and prevention, content filtering, and more on the traffic as it flows between interfaces.

In summary, FortiGate Multiple Interface Policies are a crucial part of network security configuration. They enable you to manage and secure traffic between multiple network interfaces by defining specific security policies that dictate how traffic should be handled. This feature is particularly useful in complex network environments with diverse security requirements.

Hello everyone, in this video, I will introduce how you can set up 2-step verification for SSL VPN users by sending a token through email. By default, there is no way to enable this option via the graphical user interface. We must enable this feature from the CLI.

1. User Login Request:

• When a user attempts to log in to a FortiGate-protected resource, such as a VPN, web portal, or firewall management interface, they provide their username and password as the first authentication factor.

2. Verification of Username and Password:

• FortiGate first verifies the provided username and password against its user database or an external authentication source, such as LDAP, RADIUS, or Active Directory. If the credentials are valid, the user passes the first authentication factor.

3. Request for Second Authentication Factor:

• Once the user successfully completes the first factor (username and password), FortiGate prompts the user for the second authentication factor. In this case, it’s an email-based authentication.

4. Email-Based Authentication:

• FortiGate sends an email containing a one-time passcode (OTP) or a link to the user’s registered email address. This email typically includes instructions on what the user should do next.

5. Retrieving and Entering the OTP:

• The user checks their email and retrieves the OTP or clicks on the provided link. The OTP is typically time-limited and can only be used once for security purposes.

6. Entering the OTP or Confirming Access:

• The user enters the OTP from the email into the FortiGate login prompt or clicks on the link, which confirms their identity as the second authentication factor.

7. Verification of Second Factor:

• FortiGate verifies the entered OTP or link against its records to ensure it matches the one it sent to the user’s email. If the OTP or link is valid and within the time window, the user passes the second authentication factor.

8. Access Granted:

• Once both factors are successfully authenticated (username/password and email-based OTP/link), FortiGate grants the user access to the requested resource or system.

9. Continuous Monitoring:

• FortiGate may also implement continuous monitoring and session management to ensure that user sessions remain secure throughout their usage.

It’s worth noting that while email-based 2FA is a common method, FortiGate also supports various other second-factor authentication methods, including SMS-based codes, hardware tokens, software tokens, and push notifications through mobile apps. The choice of the second-factor method can depend on the organization’s security policies and user preferences.

Implementing 2FA with email in FortiGate enhances security by adding an extra layer of authentication, making it more challenging for unauthorized users to gain access to critical resources and helping protect against unauthorized access and data breaches.

Hello, today we will install GNS3 with you and then we will install CISCO ASA on it. I will also explain how we can connect to Cisco ASA with ASDM.

Let’s start.

Step 1: Obtain Cisco ASA Image

You’ll need a Cisco ASA image file to run it in GNS3. You can acquire this image from legal and legitimate sources, such as Cisco’s official website, or if you have a Cisco ASA device, you may be able to extract it. Make sure you have the proper licensing to use the image.

Step 2: Install GNS3

If you haven’t already, download and install GNS3 on your computer from the official website (https://www.gns3.com/). Follow the installation instructions for your specific operating system.

Step 3: GNS3 Initial Setup

1. Launch GNS3 and complete the initial setup wizard. This typically includes configuring preferences like where to store your projects and images.
2. Make sure you have the GNS3 VM (Virtual Machine) configured and running. You can download the GNS3 VM from the GNS3 website and follow the installation instructions provided there.

Step 4: Add Cisco ASA to GNS3

1. In GNS3, go to “Edit” > “Preferences.”
2. In the Preferences window, click on “QEMU VMs” on the left sidebar.
3. Click the “New” button to add a new virtual machine.
4. Provide a name for the virtual machine (e.g., “Cisco ASA”).
5. In the “Type” dropdown menu, select “ASA” for Cisco ASA.
6. In the “QEMU binary” section, browse and select the QEMU binary executable. This binary should be located in your GNS3 VM.
7. Set the RAM and CPU settings based on your system resources and requirements.
8. Click “Next” and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the virtual machine setup.

Step 5: Add ASA Image to GNS3

1. In GNS3, go to “Edit” > “Preferences” again.
2. In the Preferences window, click on “QEMU” on the left sidebar.
3. Click the “QEMU VMs” tab.
4. Select the “Cisco ASA” virtual machine you created earlier.
5. In the “QEMU Options” section, click the “Browse” button next to “QEMU image” and select the Cisco ASA image file you obtained.

Step 6: Configure Cisco ASA in GNS3

1. Drag and drop the Cisco ASA device from the GNS3 device list onto your GNS3 workspace.
2. Right-click on the ASA device and choose “Start.”
3. Right-click again and select “Console” to open the console window for the ASA.
4. Configure the ASA as needed using the command-line interface (CLI). This includes setting up interfaces, IP addresses, access control policies, and any other configurations you require.
5. Save your configurations to ensure they persist across sessions.

With these steps, you should have a Cisco ASA running in GNS3, ready for configuration and testing in your simulated network environment. Remember to follow proper licensing and usage guidelines when using Cisco ASA images.